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Medical News from News-Medical.Net - 28th September 2006

Smokers may be at greater risk of HIV infection than non-smokers
//Medical Research News
Cigarette smoking has already been linked to a higher than normal chance of contracting other infections generally, including those that have been sexually transmitted.
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New target for cancer therapy identified by Australian researchers
//Medical Research News
A new target for cancer therapy has been identified by Monash University scientists investigating the cell signalling pathways that turn on a gene involved in cancer development.
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Faulty gene linked to hair pulling disorder
//Medical Research News
An unusual and uncommon psychiatric disorder that compels people to pull out their hair is now thought to be caused by a mutant gene.
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Imperial receives $4 million for glycomics research
//Medical Research News
A team of researchers from Imperial College London's Division of Molecular Biosciences has received a grant of over US $4 million to support a research facility for understanding how sugars are involved in cell to cell communication.
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SUMO1 gene implicated in cleft lip and palate defects
//Medical Research News
Researchers supported by the National Institutes of Health report in the current issue of the journal Science that a much-studied gene called SUMO1, when under expressed, can cause cleft lip and palate, one of the world's most common birth defects.
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Direct observations of DNA provides new insights into how genetic material is copied and repaired
//Medical Research News
"We can monitor the process directly, and that gives us a different perspective," said Roberto Galletto, a postdoctoral scholar at UC Davis and first author on a paper published Sept. 20 on the Web site of the journal Nature.
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How the brain resolves emotional conflict
//Medical Research News
Daily life requires that people cope with distracting emotions--from the basketball player who must make a crucial shot amidst a screaming crowd, to a salesman under pressure delivering an important pitch to a client.
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Drugs that enhance the activity of calcineurin or NFAT could become a new treatment for type-2
//Medical Research News
Certain immune-suppressing drugs, such as those taken by patients who have had organ transplants, greatly increase the risk of developing diabetes. These drugs are known to put a stranglehold on a protein called calcineurin.
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M. D. Anderson targets asthma and allergic diseases
//Medical Research News
A new research alliance focuses on a molecular master switch suspected of igniting the inflammatory immune response that drives asthma and other allergic diseases.
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Researchers discover clues to the cause of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
//Medical Research News
Researchers' discovery of clues to the cause of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) - a form of pediatric cancer that has a very poor prognosis - could lead to the development of new targeted therapies for this extremely difficult disease.
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Risks of gastrointestinal ulcers linked to aspirin use might outweigh its benefits for the heart in certain patients
//Medical Studies/Trials
Doctors should consider whether patients are at high risk of stomach ulcers before prescribing aspirin treatment.
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High hourly air pollution levels more than double stroke risk
//Medical Studies/Trials
High hourly levels of air pollution, more than double the risk of one type of stroke, suggests research published ahead of print in Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
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p120 catenin protein can stop metastasis or promote it
//Medical Studies/Trials
A protein known to be a key component of the glue that holds cells together also is involved in breaking them apart and promoting their movement when tumors begin to spread to other parts of the body, researchers at Mayo Clinic have found.
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Making sense of food labels not that easy for some
//Medical Studies/Trials
According to a recent survey many people in the United States are struggling to understand current food labels.
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Study reveals white blood cells can both hurt and help transplanted kidneys
//Medical Studies/Trials
In an example of biological irony, the same white blood cell chemistry known to damage kidneys used for transplants may also help prevent such damage, according to a federally funded study in genetically engineered mice at Johns Hopkins.
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New clues about virulence of 1918 influenza virus
//Medical Studies/Trials
The first comprehensive analysis of an animal's immune response to the 1918 influenza virus provides new insights into the killer flu, report federally supported scientists in an article appearing online in the journal Nature.
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NHGRI funds assessment of public attitudes about population-based studies on genes and environment
//Medical Studies/Trials
The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) has announced it has awarded $2 million to the Genetics and Public Policy Center of the Berman Bioethics Institute at Johns Hopkins University to conduct a public discussion about future potential large U.S. population-based studies examining the roles of genes and environment in human health.
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New drug gives hope to lung cancer victims
//Medical Studies/Trials
More people die from lung cancer than any other type of cancer and the prognosis for the disease is poor.
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Two glasses of red a day may prevent Alzheimer's
//Medical Studies/Trials
According to a new study those couple of glasses red wine each day may be enjoyable but might also help prevent Alzheimer's disease.
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Diabetics get transplanted cells and eliminate the need for insulin shots
//Medical Studies/Trials
The first international test of a method using transplanted pancreas cells in diabetes patients has shown some success.
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Women feel thin models are more elegant, interesting and pleasant
//Women's Health News
Thin fashion models help sell products because many women feel that putting on weight shows a lack of willpower, a new study says.
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Women who quit smoking during pregnancy less likely to remain nonsmokers because of concerns about weight
//Women's Health News
Women who quit smoking before pregnancy are less likely to remain nonsmokers after giving birth largely because of concerns about gaining weight, according to a study to be published in the October issue of the Annals of Behavioral Medicine, the Los Angeles Times reports.
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Nitric oxide helps pregnant women with hypertension
//Women's Health News
Nitric oxide (NO) is best known as an air pollutant produced by vehicle emissions and power plants but for pregnant women it is a crucial compound required to avoid hypertension and pre-eclampsia.
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'Neglect,' not biology, kills 1 in 20 women in Africa
//Women's Health News
One in 20 women in Africa is at risk of dying in childbirth, but "[i]t's not biology that kills them so much as neglect," New York Times columnist Nicholas Kristof writes in an opinion piece.
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Fatty fish provides significant protection against renal cancer
//Women's Health News
If you want to avoid cancer of the kidneys, a new major study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden shows that eating salmon or other kinds of fatty fish a few times a month would be one good way to go about it.
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Pennsylvania Senate candidate Casey says Democratic Party becoming more open to those opposing abortion rights
//Women's Health News
Pennsylvania State Treasurer Bob Casey (D), a candidate for the U.S. Senate who opposes abortion rights, on Friday said he has been "encouraged to see Democrats in this new century becoming more open to people who are pro-life," the AP/Phillyburbs.com reports (Hefling, AP/Phillyburbs.com, 9/15).
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Sen. Kerry says language used by both sides in abortion-rights debate often 'misleading and unconstructive'
//Women's Health News
Sen. John Kerry (D-Mass.), who supports abortion rights, on Monday during a speech at Pepperdine University in Malibu, Calif., said both abortion-rights supporters and abortion-rights opponents sometimes use "misleading and unconstructive" language and urged both sides to find "common ground," on the issue, the Boston Globe reports.
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