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Medical News Update from News-Medical.Net - 25th February 2007

Procalcitonin helps predict prognosis among those with peritonitis
//Medical Research News
Monitoring blood levels of a compound known as procalcitonin in patients with peritonitis (a serious intra-abdominal infection) could help identify patients at increased risk of organ failure and death, according to a report in the February issue of Archives of Surgery.
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Don't advertise during sexy programmes - the viewer won't remember
//Medical Research News
People are less able to recall the brand of products advertised during programmes with a lot of sexual content, than if the advert is placed in similar programme that has no sexual content.
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Kaiser Permanente launches long term project to collect genetic data
//Medical Research News
California-based HMO Kaiser Permanente on Wednesday announced the creation of a decades-long research project that will collect and analyze genetic information from hundreds of thousands of adult members, the San Jose Mercury News reports.
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How T cells attack tumors
//Medical Research News
Our immune system struggles to eliminate tumors effectively. By unraveling its strategies, we can enhance its effects on tumor cells and so improve the clinical prospects of cancer immunotherapy.
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Cell pathway identified which plays critical role in colon cancer
//Medical Research News
For the one in 18 men and women who will be diagnosed with cancer of the colon and rectum during their lifetime and over 150,000 people diagnosed on a yearly basis, today's genetic research news offers some optimism.
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How stem cells are regulated
//Medical Research News
Researchers from Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC) at University of Copenhagen have identified a new group of proteins that regulate the function of stem cells. The results are published in the new issue of Cell.
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Scientists find new genes linked to Lou Gehrig's disease
//Medical Research News
In the first genome-wide search for the genetic roots of the most common form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Johns Hopkins scientists have newly identified 34 unique variations in the human genetic code among 276 unrelated subjects with ALS.
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Injections with "dermal fillers" containing hyaluronic acid may partially restore sun-damaged skin
//Medical Research News
Injectable skin fillers have become increasingly popular for correcting the lines and wrinkles associated with aging, as well as acne scars and other skin conditions, according to background information in the article.
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Chronic dizziness may have several psychiatric and neurologic causes
//Medical Research News
Chronic dizziness may have several common causes, including anxiety disorders, migraine, traumatic brain injury and disorders in the part of the nervous system governing involuntary activities, according to a report in the February issue of Archives of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery.
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How DNA is packed
//Medical Research News
The life cycles of many viruses include a self-assembly stage in which a powerful molecular motor must pack the DNA genome into the virus's preformed shell (the capsid). How it manages this intricate feat has been subject to debate, but we know that the DNA passes into the capsid shell through a channel formed by a structure called the connector. Scientists have speculated that rotation of the connector complex might feed the DNA into the capsid as it turns.
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Talented people more prone to failure than others
//Medical Studies/Trials
Talented people often choke under pressure because the distraction caused by stress consumes their working memory, a psychologist at the University of Chicago has found.
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Avastin slows growth of gliomas
//Medical Studies/Trials
Avastin, a relatively new type of drug that shrinks cancerous tumors by cutting off their blood supply, can slow the growth of the most common and deadly form of brain cancer, a pilot study conducted at Duke University Medical Center has found.
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Why is heart shaped like it is?
//Medical Studies/Trials
How does the heart attain its characteristic shape? Shape may be sculpted by cell movement, cell division, or changes in cell size and shape, all of which can be influenced by the local environment. The heart appears as a simple tube early in development; later, the tube walls bulge outward to form the cardiac chambers.
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Study on waking and dreaming during surgery
//Medical Studies/Trials
In the latest research concerning general anesthesia during surgery, researchers in Sweden say patients who wake up during the procedure and have a clear memory of the event may develop acute distress and emotional reactions, and in some cases long-term psychological symptoms.
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Experimental vector vaccine reduces stillbirths from cytomegalovirus
//Medical Studies/Trials
Researchers funded by the National Institutes of Health have developed an experimental vaccine that reduces stillbirths among rodents born to mothers infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV) - a common virus that can also cause mental retardation and hearing loss in newborn children who were infected in early fetal life.
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Protein Hsp90 tangles with Alzheimer's disease
//Medical Studies/Trials
Mayo Clinic researchers have now shown that a drug that inhibits the function of the protein Hsp90 reduces brain levels in mice of the protein tau, the abnormal accumulation of which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Racial/ethnic disparities in symptom severity among children hospitalized with asthma
//Medical Studies/Trials
Children in this country suffer from asthma more than any other chronic illness, and new research finds African-American children with the condition have a greater risk than others of experiencing severe symptoms that escalate into an emergency.
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Imaging of disease dynamics during meningococcal sepsis
//Medical Studies/Trials
Each year 170,000 people around the world die of this type of meningitis, according to the World Health Organization, (WHO).
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Women are more likely than men to show elevated diabetes risk factors
//Medical Studies/Trials
The 'diabetes clock' may start ticking in women years in advance of a medical diagnosis of the disease, new research has shown.
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Scientists identify specific enzymes that make meningitis hard to fight
//Medical Studies/Trials
Two enzymes in meningitis bacteria which prevent the body from successfully fighting off the disease, and make the infection extremely virulent, have been identified in new research published today.
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Increased demand, compensation for egg donors in U.S.
//Women's Health News
The AP/Boston Globe on Monday examined how increased demand for egg donations and compensation for donors in the U.S. has prompted more young women to donate their eggs. According CDC data, about 10,000 women donated eggs to federally monitored programs in 2004, compared with 3,800 women in 1996.
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Updated guidelines provide definitive answers on HRT, aspirin, supplements
//Women's Health News
Health care professionals should focus on women's lifetime heart disease risk, not just short-term risk, according to updated American Heart Association guidelines.
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A black and white look at breast cancer mortality
//Women's Health News
African and African American women are more likely to die of breast cancer than their white counterparts because they tend to get the disease before the menopause, suggests new research from the University of East Anglia and the Children's Hospital Boston in collaboration with researchers in the U.S. and Italy.
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Study underscores importance of cholesterol levels as a risk factor for stroke in women
//Women's Health News
Healthy women with no history of heart disease or stroke significantly increase their chances of having a stroke if they have high cholesterol, according to a study of more than 27,000 women published in the February 20, 2007, issue of Neurology, the scientific journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
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Decline in atillbirths
//Women's Health News
The rate of fetal deaths, also known as stillbirths, occurring at 20 weeks of gestation or more declined substantially between 1990 and 2003, according to a report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
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Health care professionals should focus on women's lifetime heart disease risk
//Women's Health News
The 2007 Guidelines for Preventing Cardiovascular Disease in Women -- published today in a special women's health issue of Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association -- also include new directions for using aspirin, hormone therapy and vitamin and mineral supplements in heart disease and stroke prevention in women.
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Orthopedic surgeons debate whether knee implant designed for women is better than standard implant
//Women's Health News
Many orthopedic surgeons are debating whether Warsaw, Ind.-based Zimmer Holdings' knee implant Gender Solutions, which is designed specifically for women, is better for women than the standard artificial knee, Reuters reports.
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Why are African American women more likely than White women to die from breast cancer?
//Women's Health News
Why are African American women 1.5 to 2.2 times more likely than White women to die from breast cancer, despite their lower incidence of the disease? Is it solely because they have less access to medical care? Maybe not, according to a new analysis that will appear in an upcoming issue of the International Journal of Surgery.
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Progress being made in efforts to stop female genital cutting in Mali
//Women's Health News
Organizations working in Mali to stop female genital cutting -- a practice sometimes referred to as female circumcision or female genital mutilation in which there is a partial or full removal of the labia, clitoris or both -- are beginning to make progress, Afrol News/Daily Nation reports.
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Psychologists call for replacing sexualized images of girls in media and advertising with positive ones
//Women's Health News
A report of the American Psychological Association (APA) released found evidence that the proliferation of sexualized images of girls and young women in advertising, merchandising, and media is harmful to girls' self-image and healthy development.
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