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Medical News Update from News-Medical.Net - 1st April 2007

New alcohol research has important implications for crowd control
//Medical Research News
Research news published in Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health drew two main findings from a survey of rugby supporters entering and leaving the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff: spectators in the winning and drawing groups rated themselves as more aggressive than those whose team just lost; and more aggressive spectators intended to drink more alcohol after the match.
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New cardiovascular treatment approaches
//Medical Research News
In an era of increasing death and illness from heart and blood vessel disease - which also can impair kidney function - Mayo Clinic researchers have designed two promising new cardiovascular treatment approaches.
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Diabetes and high blood pressure play a much greater role heart failure
//Medical Research News
Diabetes and high blood pressure, two conditions rooted in genetics and environmental surroundings, play a much greater role than race alone in determining who is mostly likely to develop heart failure, according to the latest study from cardiologists at Johns Hopkins.
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New discoveries offer promise for cholesterol drugs
//Medical Research News
New discoveries offer promise for developing drugs that improve on the therapeutic profile of niacin, the inexpensive, time-tested B-vitamin that boosts levels of HDL cholesterol, the good cholesterol with the potential to protect people against heart attacks and stroke, scientists report.
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Iron nanoparticles exhibit toxic effects on neuronal cells
//Medical Research News
Researchers at UC San Diego have discovered that iron-containing nanoparticles being tested for use in several biomedical applications can be toxic to nerve cells and interfere with the formation of their signal-transmitting extensions.
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Next generation drugs designed from 3D protein models
//Medical Research News
The next generation of drugs will be designed on the basis of 3D protein models that scientists are creating. The Structural Genomics Consortium laboratory at Swedish medical university Karolinska Institutet has now made available the structure of PARP3, the four hundredth structure in this unique project to chart the body's proteins.
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Bone marrow stem cells used to regenerate healthy human liver tissue
//Medical Research News
For the first time, researchers have used adult bone marrow stem cells to regenerate healthy human liver tissue, according to a study published in the April issue of the journal Radiology.
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Successful weight loss for teenagers
//Medical Research News
Participating in moderate to vigorous physical activity and limiting time in front of the television are some of the keys to successful weight loss in teens, according to researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School.
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Role of emotions in how patients feel arthritis pain
//Medical Research News
How does the brain process the experience of pain? Thanks to advances in neuroimaging, we now know the answer lies in a network of brain structures called the pain matrix.
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Gene expression profiling shows how transplanted heart is performing
//Medical Research News
New research suggests a genomic test may provide detailed information on how well a transplanted heart is performing.
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Decoy receptor 3 expressed in rheumatic synovial fibroblasts protects the cells against Fas-induced apoptosis
//Medical Studies/Trials
A complex autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive joint damage. This process begins with hyperplasia, or excessive increase in size and thickness, of synovial tissue. Along with provoking cartilage and bone destruction, this abnormal tissue growth is resistant to apoptosis, the natural cell death vital to the generation of healthy new cells.
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Coronary procedure adds no benefit over 'optimal medical therapy' alone
//Medical Studies/Trials
Percutaneous coronary intervention plus optimal medical therapy does not improve outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease, compared with optimal medical therapy alone, according to study results presented at the 56th Annual Scientific Session of the American College of Cardiology in New Orleans, and published online in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Treatment options for bipolar disorder
//Medical Studies/Trials
For depressed people with bipolar disorder who are taking a mood stabilizer, adding an antidepressant medication is no more effective than a placebo (sugar pill), according to results published online on March 28, 2007 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Smokers clock up extra sick days
//Medical Studies/Trials
Smokers take an average of almost eight days more of sick leave every year than their non-smoking colleagues, suggested research published in Tobacco Control .
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Smokers perform worse at work than non-smokers
//Medical Studies/Trials
Smokers were also more likely to have a less than honourable discharge, to be demoted, to desert, and to earn less than their non-smoking colleagues, the study showed.
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Crateagus extract postpones cardiac events in patients with congestive heart failure
//Medical Studies/Trials
An herbal medicinal substance, Crataegus Extract WS:1442, safely extends the lives of congestive heart failure patients already receiving pharmacological treatment for the disease, according to a study presented at the American College of Cardiology's 56th Annual Scientific Session.
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Hearing-protection tablet helps soldiers defend against hearing loss
//Medical Studies/Trials
Soldiers exposed to the deafening din of battle have little defense against hearing loss, and are often reluctant to wear protective gear like ear plugs that could make them less able to react to danger.
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Study shows how antibiotic gentamicin affects cystic fibrosis patients with a stop mutation
//Medical Studies/Trials
Genetics tests could help provide cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with targeted treatment in future, pilot study authors suggest.
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Annual computed tomography screening identifies a high proportion of patients with early-stage lung cancer
//Medical Studies/Trials
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women, killing more people than breast, prostate and colon cancers combined, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). According to the study, the estimated cure rate for lung cancer in the absence of screening is approximately 5 percent, but increases significantly when the cancer is diagnosed and treated at its earliest stage.
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Education and support programs improve long-term outcomes for high-risk cardiac patients
//Medical Studies/Trials
More than 30 percent of patients who suffer heart failure die within one year, but education and support programs have been shown to improve that statistic.
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Women with a recent diagnosis of cancer in one breast should have MRI screening of the opposite breast
//Women's Health News
The international research team found that MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, detected cancer in the opposite breast in 30 of 969 women (3.1 percent) who had recently been diagnosed with cancer in one breast only. The cancers in the opposite breast were missed by previous mammography and clinical exam.
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Exercise in old age prevents onset of arthritis symptoms
//Women's Health News
Women in their 70s who keep active could be dodging painful arthritis symptoms, according to research published in Arthritis Research and Therapy.
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MRI as a key component of the diagnostic workup for women with breast cancer
//Women's Health News
Up to 10 percent of women newly diagnosed with cancer in one breast develop cancer in the opposite breast.
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Under-representation of women in senior academic medicine positions
//Women's Health News
Today men and women attend medical school in equal numbers. But for most women who go on to academic medicine, that's also where the numbers stop adding up. Just twelve percent of women faculty members are promoted to full professor, compared with one-third of male faculty.
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American Cancer Society issues recommendation on MRI for breast cancer screening
//Women's Health News
An expert panel convened by the American Cancer Society has developed new recommendations for the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for women at increased risk for breast cancer, and recommends annual screening using MRI in addition to mammography for women with a 20-25 percent or greater lifetime risk of the disease.
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Georgia approves bill requiring doctors to offer pregnant women HIV tests
//Women's Health News
The Georgia House on Monday voted 140-14 to approve a bill (HB 429) that would require doctors in the state to offer pregnant women HIV tests, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reports.
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Women under 65 with cancer most likely to suffer emotional distress
//Women's Health News
Women under 65 are the most likely of all cancer patients to suffer from significant emotional distress - a study reports today in the British Journal of Cancer.
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MRI improves breast cancer diagnosis
//Women's Health News
Women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer in one breast have a higher risk of contracting the disease in their opposite breast as well. A thorough examination of the opposite breast using mammography and ultrasound is therefore common practice. However, many tumours still remain undetected when using mammography.
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Lack of care for older breast cancer patients
//Women's Health News
Older women with breast cancer get a lower level of care than younger women, researchers at The University of Manchester have found.
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Improving the NHS's response to domestic violence
//Women's Health News
A project aimed at tackling shortcomings in the NHS's response to domestic violence is to be set up in Bristol and east London.
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